Shipping and aviation are both excluded from the 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The Protocol left it to the IMO to pursue measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from shipping. At its meeting on 21/22 April the IMO’s Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) approved mandatory requirements for ships to record and report their fuel consumption. However, a proposal by the Marshall Islands to set emissions targets for global shipping by 2017, with implementation in 2018, has been deferred until the next MEPC meeting in October 2016.